Is software development is only done by professionals? Wrong answer! For mobile devices, currently available tools “friendly” to hobbyist can create their own widgets. This time, CHIP Developer Kit tried to introduce the smartphone and review the basics of programming mobile phones.

Apple iPhone could take Smartphone market. Its use is easy indeed very unique. However, a very interesting offer from Apple is the App Store. Here, other software manufacturers can offer products for the Apple phone. With this mini-applications, users can add a cell phone with your favorite functions as required. The request was large. The portal gets more than one billion downloads in just over a year. No wonder if other developers are interested to participate in the smartphone market, especially Google with Android (G1 from T-Mobile) and Palm with webOS (Palm Pre). However, without the developers, the tools will not be available. Therefore, producers want to attract the programmers by offering convenience in building a program. For each system, developer kits are now available as appropriate.
CHIP covers how this kit works and will demonstrate how to create application programs with a simple phone.

SDK: Tools appropriate primary

So that the programmer can develop an application for an environment, he must know how the system works, of what programming language created systems and interfaces are available. This task will be taken over by the Software Development Kit (SDK). An SDK provides a development environment with all the necessary components. Among other tools, libraries, documentation, and sample applications. Typically, an emulator is also included.

In order to create programs for mobile devices, needed a framework that these are essentially the frame structure of the target system. A framework consists of various default models that will customize the program to a particular operating system. Code written in a compatible editor to display the development environment and an IDE (Integrated Development Environment). Development environment is actually an additional equipment for the SDK to simplify programming, for example by doing project management to create a standard code and syntax highlighting automatically.

In addition to making an application, programmers can also browse an error in the program using a debugger (“bug”, is a synonym of “program error”) quickly. All of the routine programs will be examined and if found that the command can not be executed, a warning will be given. The result of this correction is usually known as a “bugfix”.

If the modules are ready-so is not available, will be very difficult to develop a software. Ready-finished modules are usually called Libraries. Libraries provide functions that have been determined by the developer so that it can be used by various programs. On Windows, these libraries have the file extension. DLL (Dynamic Link Library).

In order for the code can be recognized by the operating system as a program, it needs a compiler that will analyze the source code, process, and translate it into language that is understood by the target system. Furthermore, the software can be tested by using an emulator so that the codes do not work on systems that actually can be immediately known. Emulator only useful for testing only. An emulator, for example, offers ARM processor architecture that is often used in mobile phones, along with the system.

iPhone: Objective-C Code

To develop a program that runs on your iPhone or iPod touch, programmers used two ways that offered by Apple. Initially, Apple did not provide a SDK for creating native applications. The program is a widget that can be made for the Safari browser. Then, these restrictions will succeed cracked so Apple began to allow native development tools. This SDK can be obtained free of charge, but only runs on Mac machines with X86 architecture. Programmer to work in the Xcode development environment. Programs written in Objective-C, which is actually a component object of language development C. As interfaces (APIs), used Cocoa touch.

INFO
Pursuing Competitors

Competitors from Apple, Palm, and Google has been no attempt to make them more attractive platform for third parties. However, this condition would change the version in the future.
Windows Mobile

Previously, programming is difficult and not designed for the hobbyist. Windows Phone With version 6.5, according to Microsoft, making widgets with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript has become much easier. Courses can be controlled from the Internet Explorer Mobile.
http://msdn.microsoft.com

Symbian OS

Although these operating systems running on various mobile phone, from third party programs rarely exist. Cause, Symbian is still a closed system. However, mobile phone maker Nokia has started to provide an open source license for each component so that its development becomes more attractive.
http://developer.symbian.com

J2ME

“Plattform Java, Micro Edition” is not a stand-alone phone system, but a Java-Package is a streamlined and optimized for mobile devices. Because of the faster hardware, this variant will be replaced with a standard version in the next few years. Introduction to the Java programming language can be obtained through the address
http://www.wikibooks.org/wiki/Java_Micro

Eclipse: How to Create a Software Developer for Android

Android-SDK is a perfect tool for the programmer. From an online store, users can download hundreds of useful tools for mobile. With a simple example, CHIP show you how this software is made.

PREPARATION: configure SDK

Before starting your first programming tools, you need some preparation. Firstly, you need to install the developer kit is available free for Java, namely JDK6 (the Java Development Kit). Next, specify the folder “bin” as a system variable. In Vista, this setting can be found via the menu “Control Panel | System | Advanced | Environment Variables”.

In the area “System variables”, click the “Path”, and on the “Variable value”, type a semikolon behind the existing entries, and provide a path to the folder location of the SDK, for example “; C:SunSDKbin”. Android-SDK does not have to be installed, but only in-unzip. Here, also create a system variable, this time for a folder “tools”.

Basically, you can already make a program, but progress is not easy to do without a comfortable editor. Most programmers use Eclipse as a Java Development Environment editor tools.

In order to understand the Android Eclipse-Code, you must create a link to Google-Plugin, ADT (Android Development Tools). For that, open the program and click menu “Help | Software Updates”. After a pop-up window that appears, enter the path for the archive ADT locations in the area “Available Software | Add Site | Archive” and click “Install”. These tools are now available in Eclipse. To connect the Android SDK and Emulator-in it with Eclipse, enter the path to the location in the area of Software Development Kits “Window | Preferences | Android” into the “SDK Location”.

TEST: MAKE THE PROJECT

If the preparation has been done, the first application already can be made. Java Framework is optimized for these platforms will be saved automatically after you select “Android” for the development environment through the menu “File | New | Other.” On the menu that appears, you only need to enter a name for the project, for the class (“Activity”) and to the output package.

Now save the Android Eclipse Framework from the source application folder (“src”). With the changes made in source code, you specify the functions and interface structure of the programs created. Example scripts in the picture below is a small application to try out the functionality of the development environment. “Test Application” This is a snapshot small code, which can display a text field in Android and displays the basic form of a widget.

If you mistakenly typed when entering the source code, not to worry. Eclipse quick to point out a warning message when you insert an entry that is not known and propose the appropriate tips.

If the source code is ready for first test, click “File | Save” and run your project with the menu “Run | Run Configuration | Android Application”. Next, select a name and the project created. On “Launch Action”, click “Launch”, and input Activity have been made. By clicking “Run”, Android, Emulator will open automatically. With this emulator you can test your tools. Android smartphone also includes a variety of widgets are ready-to-be, including the source code. You can view and modify it with Eclipse.

Here’s A Programmable Applications In Eclipse

With Android, Emulator, you can test your program quickly. Users write source code in the Eclipse development environment.

In addition to the SDK, many developers to use alternative tools to create software, such as free iPhone User Interface Framework (IUI). With this kit, developers are only able to build tools that use the browser as an interface. For that, programs that required the editor does not depend on Mac OS X.

Terms and conditions of the license from Apple is very limited and often drawn criticism. For example, programmers are not allowed to place a background process. The distribution is also very difficult. So that the programs are designed not only runs on the emulator, but also on your iPhone or iPod touch, it needs a digital certificate. Of course, this certificate is obtained after performing the registration through the Developer Program (costs start to U.S. $ 99 per year).

To be sold via the App Store, the programmer must set aside 30 percent of its revenues to Apple. To overcome this problem, the Internet is diverse Jailbreak Guide to outwit the security mechanisms from Apple. Thus, programs that do not obtain certificates of running on the iPhone. However, users who dijebol system is certainly a higher risk of security problems.

webOS: HTML Code

About the SDK from Palm webOS new, it has not much is known, because the developer kit is not offered freely. Certainly, users can program with a common Web language, ie HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. An HTML editor is good enough for that. If you want to test the homemade tools, it is not necessary emulator. However, the mechanism should use the SDK called Mojo which will offer the program as signed package. When developer tools was released, there has been no definitive explanation. Currently, the official Web site http://developer.palm.com this new offering in the beta SDK. For the first, Palm will license the SDK according to type of program, development platforms and languages. Signed tools will only be offered through the App Store alone is called Catalog.

The most important part of this application is an index.html which defines the components such as buttons and images. A stylesheet will make the necessary adjustments for the entire system. In the background, runs the program libraries SQLite, which is activated via the JavaScript-API. Direct access to core systems, namely Core OS, as long as this is not necessary. According to Palm, the application communicates with the User Interface (UI) System Manager by Mojo-Framework. Manager serves as an interface for webOS Services, which regulates access to system services such as networking or audio controller.

Android: Java Code

Android is a system developed by the Open Handset Alliance, which consists of companies Google along with 33 other member companies. Google became the most powerful member in the consortium. Because the platform is licensed from the Apache 2.0, the system is available free and principles can diportir on any mobile device. Currently, many providers are preparing for “Google phone” itself. Android operating system based on Linux kernel that offers the major modules such as network support, audio drivers, keyboard, and camera. As an interface between the hardware and each application, used principally Dalvik Virtual Machine based on Java Runtime Engine (see picture below).

SDK consists of the Application Framework, Libraries, Runtime Android, and an emulator. Source text written and compiled in Java language. To be able to run on Android, the application is tailored to the system with a Cross-Assembler. When you know the basics of Java programming, development tools for Android-Tools will become easier. Examples of these applications can be seen on the left.

Programming indeed become easier with the SDK and platform, but everything to do with understanding the knowledge base. Currently, the difficulty of making the program smaller and larger developer community. Impact, appears the great offering and providing matching widget for the user.

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